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Employment and Female Offenders: An Update of the Empirical Research

“The purpose of this bulletin is to explore the literature and summarize the empirical evidence related to the impact of employment on the criminal behavior of women” (p. 2).

Sections comprising this publication are:

  • female offender demographics;
  • barriers to employment-overview, the role of the family and the community, time-management skills, and the role of agency;
  • correctional education and vocational programs-education programs, vocational/technical programs, overall effectiveness of these programs, and outcomes for female offenders in educational and vocational programs;
  • employment and crime-the role of employment and desistance from crime, employment outcomes and female offenders, and exploring gender differences in employment and crime;
  • and conclusion.