Growing empirical research finds that a correctional system devoted to punishment is ineffective and can produce criminogenic effects.
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Probation
A Study of Drug Testing Practices in Probation (2020)
Probation departments often operate with lack of guidance on drug testing, as well as a lack of research on drug testing's impact on reducing recidivism or improving behavioral health.
Drug Testing in Community Corrections: A Review of the Literature (2020)
The use of drug testing is pervasive in community supervision, requiring probationers to regularly submit to urine drug testing. Positive drug tests may result in sanctions, technical violations, probation revocations, and even prison sentences.
Evaluating the Impact of Probation and Parole Home Visits (2019)
In 2014, Abt Associates began work on a grant from the National Institute of Justice to evaluate the effectiveness of home and field contacts in community supervision.
Pretrial Release and Probation: What is the Same and What is Different?
This paper is designed to be a part of the helpful literature that jurisdictions can use to develop lawful and effective pretrial systems, especially when those systems will be operating within probation entities or combined with probation functions.
Formal, Post-Adjudication Juvenile Probation Services (2017)
Juvenile probation is the supervision and monitoring of justice-involved youth in the community, rather than placement out of the home … The focus of this literature review is on formal probation and services provided to juveniles on post-adjudication probation, or probation as a disposition.
Statewide Risk Assessment in Juvenile Probation (2014)
This is the first thorough systematic scan of the U.S. to determine the extent to which these [risk assessment] tools have been adopted across the country (p. 1).
Myths & Facts - Using Risk and Need Assessments to Enhance Outcomes and Reduce Disparities in the Criminal Justice System
This package includes a one-page list of myths and facts along with a research-based supporting document.
Community Services Division
The Community Services Division coordinates consulting services (technical assistance), specialized training, and other programs related to probation, parole, and other forms of community-based corrections.
Probation and Parole
The research highlighted on this page covers a range of probation and parole related, corrections topics from supervision and sanctions to special offenders and electronic monitoring.
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